| Course Name | Natural Algorithms in Architecture |
| Code | Semester | Theory (hour/week) | Application/Lab (hour/week) | Local Credits | ECTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARCH 566 | Fall/Spring | 1 | 4 | 3 | 7.5 |
| Prerequisites | None | |||||
| Course Language | English | |||||
| Course Type | Elective | |||||
| Course Level | - | |||||
| Mode of Delivery | - | |||||
| Teaching Methods and Techniques of the Course | ||||||
| Course Coordinator | - | |||||
| Course Lecturer(s) | ||||||
| Assistant(s) | - | |||||
| Course Objectives | The course objective is to research biologically-inspired computational processes and algorithms as applied to generatice architectural design. Introduction to theory and practice to empower the students with contemporary computational design methodologies. Students are introduced to design processes that are emergent, iterative and based on natural processes. The cours aims to give the students the tools to be able to conceive, analyse and generate architectural solutions by studying natural forms and processes. Students will studio plants, shells, sceletons, seeds, algae, muscle, swarm behaviour, and others for biomimetic analysis for process and form generation. Environmental, functional and structural analysis will be explored for intergration in the biomimetric process. Architecture will be explores in the context of nature, design, and technolog. |
| Learning Outcomes | The students who succeeded in this course;
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| Course Description | This course will be an overview and experimentation with natural occurring Algorithms that are applicable in contemporary Architectural Design. This includes algorithms, scripting structures, design strategies and processes. The evolution of organism form and structures in response to functions and environment will be explored. Students will do readings on software technologies, as well as art and design related to computational and algorithmic processes. Students will use digital code and visual component based scripting available in 3D packages (i.e. Maya Embedded Language\n(MEL), Rhino script, 3DMaxScript, AutoLisp, and FormZ 6.0) and Python to explore generative design processes. |
| Related Sustainable Development Goals | |
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| Core Courses | |
| Major Area Courses | ||
| Supportive Courses | ||
| Media and Managment Skills Courses | ||
| Transferable Skill Courses |
| Week | Subjects | Required Materials |
| 1 | Introduction to Course Content | |
| 2 | Lecture: Basics of programming | Workshop: Basic examples for coding | |
| 3 | Lecture: Loops and Randomness | Workshop: Basic Anemone Examples | 1.Homework: Make a Loop in Grasshopper/Anemone |
| 4 | Lecture: Randomness and Determinism | Workshop: Basic Space Syntax and Pedestrian Simulation | 2.Homework: Make an Example in Space Syntax and one Pedestrian Simulation from your Studio Project |
| 5 | Lecture: Aggregation/Branching and Growth | Workshop: Explore Grasshopper Plug-Ins and design an object. | 3.Homework: Finalize the object and describe the rules |
| 6 | Lecture: L-Systems and Phyllotaxis | Workshop: Define simple Rules and design an object. | 4.Homework Prepare for the Midterm |
| 7 | Midterm | Delivery of the paper and homeworks |
| 8 | Lecture: Genetic algorithms & optimization 1 | Workshop: Basic Galapagos implementations | 5.Homework: Optimizing of a surface according to the sun direction |
| 9 | Lecture: Genetic algorithms & optimization 2 | Workshop: Basic Galapagos implementations | 6.Homework: Try other optimization strategies and document them. |
| 10 | Lecture: Flocking and Agends/Boids | Workshop: Basic Agend simulations | 7.Homework: Try new forms and new rules with Agend based algorithms |
| 11 | Presentation and Discussion | Workshop: Make a Model/Prototype of the whole Makroform | |
| 12 | Workshop: Refine Makroform and correct discussed issues | |
| 13 | Workshop: Decide the Details of your Model | |
| 14 | Workshop: Finishing the Model | |
| 15 | Presentation and Discussion | |
| 16 | Review of the semester |
| Course Notes/Textbooks | Architectural Geometry (Hardcover) by Helmut Pottmann (Author) Bentley İnstitute Press ISBN-978-1-934493-04-5 Algorithmic Architecture (Paperback) by Kostas Terzidis (Author) Architectural Press (10 May 2006) ISBN-10: 0750667257 ISBN-13: 978-0750667258 AAD_Algorithms Aided Design (Hardcover) by Arturo Tadeschi (Author) ISBN:978-88-95315-30-0 Digital Fabrication in Architecture (Hardcover) by Nick Dunn (Author) Laurence King Publishing ISBN 978 185669 891 7
“EMERGENT TECHNOLOGIES AND DESIGN - towards a biological paradigm for architecture”. Routledge, London. (with Hensel and Menges) 2008 “NATURE AND THE CULTURAL EVOLUTION OF ARCHITECTURAL FORMS”, Keynote Lecture at Acadia 2008 ‘Silicon + Skin- Biological Processes and Computation’ and Article published in Acadia 08 Proceedings. Kevin Kelly, Out of Control - The new Biology of Machines, Fourth Estate, London, 1994 DIFFERENTIATION AND HIERACHY IN NATURAL SYSTEMS’ in ‘MORPHO- ECOLOGIES’ AA Publications 2006 (Magazine Ed.)”TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN MORPHOGENETIC DESIGN’ AD Wiley, London, (with Hensel and Menges) Brian Goodwin, How the Leopard changed its Spots - The Evolution of Complexity, Phoenix, London, 1994 2008 ‘(Article) MUTATIONS, MORPHOGENESIS AND MONSTERS’ Perspecta 40, Yale University Press Steven Johnson, ‘Emergence- The connected lives of ants, brains, cities and software’ Scribner 2001
Required |
| Suggested Readings/Materials | Kelly, K. Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems and the Economic World (Cambridge, MA: Perseus, 1994), 472. Mitchell, W.J. e-topia ( Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000), 59. Negroponte, N. Soft Architecture Machine (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1975), X. O'Sullivan, D. and Igoe, T. Physical Computing: Sensing and Controlling the World with Computers.Cambridge, MA: Thomson, 2004. Igo, Tom. Making Things Talk: Practical Methods for Connecting Physical Objects. Cambridge, UK: Make Books / O'Reilly, 2007. Mataric, Maja J. The Robotic Primer. Cambridge: MIT, 2007. Barkow-Leibinger, An Atlas of Fabrication, AA Publications, 2009. Burton, Richard; Dickson, Michael; Harris, Richard, The use of roundwood thinnings in buildings |
| Semester Activities | Number | Weigthing |
| Participation | 1 | 20 |
| Laboratory / Application | ||
| Field Work | ||
| Quizzes / Studio Critiques | ||
| Portfolio | ||
| Homework / Assignments | 1 | 25 |
| Presentation / Jury | 1 | 10 |
| Project | 1 | 25 |
| Seminar / Workshop | ||
| Oral Exam | ||
| Midterm | 1 | 20 |
| Final Exam | ||
| Total |
| Weighting of Semester Activities on the Final Grade | 3 | 65 |
| Weighting of End-of-Semester Activities on the Final Grade | 2 | 35 |
| Total |
| Semester Activities | Number | Duration (Hours) | Workload |
|---|---|---|---|
| Course Hours (Including exam week: 16 x total hours) | 16 | 1 | 16 |
| Laboratory / Application Hours (Including exam week: 16 x total hours) | 16 | 4 | |
| Study Hours Out of Class | 16 | 2 | 32 |
| Field Work | |||
| Quizzes / Studio Critiques | |||
| Portfolio | |||
| Homework / Assignments | 1 | 35 | |
| Presentation / Jury | 1 | 5 | |
| Project | 1 | 67 | |
| Seminar / Workshop | |||
| Oral Exam | |||
| Midterms | 1 | 5 | |
| Final Exams | |||
| Total | 224 |
| # | Program Competencies/Outcomes | * Contribution Level | ||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 1 | To be able to advance specialized architectural knowledge based on qualifications acquired at the undergraduate level. | |||||
| 2 | To be able to conceive the interdisciplinary nature of the architectural field and apply such knowledge and analytical capacity to interdisciplinary studies. | |||||
| 3 | To be able to apply specialized knowledge in architecture in theoretical or practical work. | |||||
| 4 | To be able to produce new knowledge by integrating architectural knowledge with knowledge in other disciplines. | |||||
| 5 | To be able to diagnose and evaluate a specific problem in architecture and to relate this ability to publishing or practice. | |||||
| 6 | To be able critically evaluate knowledge peculiar to the architectural field, facilitate self-directed learning and produce advanced work independently. | |||||
| 7 | To be able to communicate contemporary developments in architecture and one’s own work in professional and interdisciplinary environments in written, oral or visual forms. | |||||
| 8 | To be able to consider, control and communicate social, scientific and ethical values in the accumulation, interpretation, publication and/or application of architectural data. | |||||
| 9 | To be able to critically analyze the norms that inform spatial relationships and their social implications and to develop original thesis according to guidelines. | |||||
| 10 | To be able to keep up with developing knowledge in Architecture and participate in academic and professional discussions using at least one foreign language. | |||||
*1 Lowest, 2 Low, 3 Average, 4 High, 5 Highest
